In some cases, a published article may be retracted. The grounds for retraction are gross violations by the author(s) of legal, publication, and ethical standards, including:

- clear evidence that the data is unreliable or falsified;
- there is a conflict of interest that has been concealed or veiled;
- if the article contains plagiarism;
- if the results have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-reference, permission, or justification;
- unethical research has been reported;
- serious errors have been identified in the scientific work that are a good reason to doubt the scientific value of the material, or the research results have been misinterpreted;
- improper determination of the composition of the authors, in particular, failure to include a person who made a significant contribution to the research, or inclusion of a person who does not meet the authorship criteria.

The decision on retraction is made by the editorial board after considering the appeal, checking the materials and receiving explanations from the authors (if necessary, with the involvement of members of the editorial board or independent experts).

In case of retraction:

- a message is placed on the article page indicating the reasons;

- the article is kept in the journal archive, but marked as "Retracted";

- the relevant information is updated in indexing systems (if available).