REPRESENTATION OF CRISIS OF MEANING IN MODERN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS

Abstract

A review of representation of the concepts of «meaning» and «crisis of meaning» in the thesaurus of main branches of psychology is conducted in the article. The scientific works of psychodynamic, existential, humanistic and subject activity psychology were analyzed. The main components of the systems of meaning and the processes of crisis are described as well as their influence on activity and adaptability of personality. Based on this models of the development of crisis of meaning are created. The given model include: the conflict of intrapsychic and extrpsychic drives and their role in subconscious reflection of gained experience that result in rigid models of behavior and subjective interpretations of the events in personal life; the process realization of Major Concerns as the main aspects of human existence in the development of existential conflict with concepts of «finality of being», «existential freedom», «existential isolation» and «meaninglessness» which result in the development of noogenic neurosis; the functions of major life motives, values and aspirations; the wholesome narrative system that unites the individual life path in the categories of «past», «present» and «future» both in critical and stable periods of life. The history of transformation of the concepts of «meaning» and «crisis of meaning» is described. The article proposes the need of meaning as one of the main needs of a person, due to its direct connection to the motivation and activity of personality. The article highlights the existence of the components of the systems of meaning can exist both as meaningful material objects and philosophical or religious ideas. The study shows that those components have a high emotional value for the person regardless of their origin. Their personal meaning serves as the focal points of analysis of personal life and development which ensures the functioning of worldview.