МЕКСИКА ТА РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ КОНФЛІКТ: ДУМКИ ПРО ДИПЛОМАТІЮ, НЕЙТРАЛІТЕТ ТА МІЖНАРОДНЕ ПРАВО
Ключові слова:
російсько-український конфлікт, міжнародне право, зовнішня політика Мексики, дипломатичний нейтралітет, гуманітарна допомога
Анотація
У статті аналізується позиція Мексики щодо російсько-українського конфлікту, наголошується на його правовому, дипломатичному та гуманітарному вимірах. Вихідним пунктом є порушення Росією міжнародного права, посилаючись на порушення Статуту ООН і міжнародного гуманітарного права. Окреслюється глобальна реакція, підкреслюється засудження та санкції з боку західних країн. Разом із тим відзначаються нюанси позицій Глобального Півдня, включаючи підхід Мексики, що характеризується стратегічним нейтралітетом. Незважаючи на засудження дій Росії, Мексика утримується від запровадження санкцій, зберігаючи політику невтручання та наголошуючи на гуманітарній допомозі. На цю позицію впливають історичні прецеденти, економічні міркування та внутрішньополітичні відносини Мексики. У статті також досліджуються потенційні зміни в позиції Мексики щодо російсько-українського конфлікту під час адміністрації Клаудії Шейнбаум, яка вступить на посаду 1 жовтня 2024 р. У статті робиться висновок, що, хоча відповідь Мексики є складною та багатовимірною, держава продовжує балансувати свої міжнародні зобов'язання із внутрішніми пріоритетами, висвітлюючи виклики сучасних міжнародних відносин.
Посилання
Amnesty International. (2024). Ukraine. Amnesty International. https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/europe-and-central-asia/eastern-europe-and-central-asia/ukraine/report-ukraine/ [in English]. [Amnesty International. Ukraine. Amnesty International. 2024. URL: https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/europe-and-central-asia/eastern-europe-and-central-asia/ukraine/report-ukraine/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Arciniegas, Y. (2023, July 18). UE-CELAC: aprueban declaración contra la guerra rusa en Ucrania, sin apoyo de Nicaragua. France24. https://www.france24.com/es/europa/20230718-ue-celac-apruebandeclaraci%C3%B3n-contra-la-guerra-rusa-en-ucrania-sin-apoyo-de-nicaragua [in Spanish]. [Arciniegas Y. UE-CELAC: aprueban declaración contra la guerra rusa en Ucrania, sin apoyo de Nicaragua. France24. 2023, July 18. URL:https://www.france24.com/es/europa/20230718-ue-celac-apruebandeclaraci%C3%B3n-contra-la-guerra-rusa-en-ucrania-sin-apoyo-de-nicaragua. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Associated Press. (2024, June 21). Mexico’s incoming president announces first Cabinet picks: academics and former public servants. The Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/mexico-claudia-sheinbaumpresident-cabinet-992eb4a88c1225381f69bab94db4c033 [in English]. [Associated Press. Mexico’s incoming president announces first Cabinet picks: academics and former public servants. The Associated Press. 2024, June 21. URL: https://apnews.com/article/mexico-claudia-sheinbaum-president-cabinet-992eb4a88c1225381f69bab94db4c033. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Burni, A. (2023, July 19). Latin America’s pragmatic ambiguity in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Foundation for European Progressive Studies. https://feps-europe.eu/latin-americas-pragmaticambiguity-in-response-to-russias-invasion-of-ukraine/ [in English]. [Burni A. Latin America’s pragmatic ambiguity in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Foundation for European Progressive Studies. 2023, July 19. URL: https://feps-europe.eu/latin-americas-pragmatic-ambiguity-in-response-to-russiasinvasion-of-ukraine/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Calderón, V. (2024, August 6). Invitan a Putin a la toma de posesión de Claudia Sheinbaum en México, según agencia estatal rusa. CNN Español. https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2024/08/06/invitan-putin-tomaposesion-claudia-sheinbaum-mexico-agencia-estatal-rusa-orix/ [in Spanish]. [Calderón V. Invitan a Putin a la toma de posesión de Claudia Sheinbaum en México, según agencia estatal rusa. CNN Español. 2024, August 6. URL: https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2024/08/06/invitan-putin-toma-posesion-claudia-sheinbaummexico-agencia-estatal-rusa-orix/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Center for Civilians in Conflict. (2024). Two years on: 5 facts about the Ukraine-Russia war. https://civiliansinconflict.org/blog/two-years-on-5-facts-about-the-ukraine-russia-war/ [in English]. [Center for Civilians in Conflict. Two years on: 5 facts about the Ukraine-Russia war. 2024. URL: https://civiliansinconflict.org/blog/two-years-on-5-facts-about-the-ukraine-russia-war/.(дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Council of the European Union. (2024). EU sanctions against Russia. Council of the European Union. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/sanctions-against-russia/ [in English]. [Council of the European Union. EU sanctions against Russia. Council of the European Union. 2024. URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/sanctions-against-russia/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
De Silva, S. (2023, June 7). ASEAN unity and the Russia-Ukraine crisis. Pacific Forum. https://pacforum.org/publications/pacnet-41-asean-unity-and-the-russia-ukraine-crisis/ [in English]. [De Silva S. ASEAN unity and the Russia-Ukraine crisis. Pacific Forum. 2023, June 7. URL: https://pacforum.org/publications/pacnet-41-asean-unity-and-the-russia-ukraine-crisis/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
EFE. (2024, June 03). Zelenski espera fortalecer las relaciones con México tras la victoria de Sheinbaum. SWI swissinfo.ch. https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/zelenski-espera-fortalecer-las-relaciones-con-m%C3%A9xicotras-la-victoria-de-sheinbaum/79562725 [in Spanish]. [EFE. Zelenski espera fortalecer las relaciones con México tras la victoria de Sheinbaum. SWI swissinfo.ch. 2024, June 03. URL: https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/zelenski-espera-fortalecer-las-relaciones-con-m%C3%A9xico-tras-la-victoria-de-sheinbaum/79562725. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
El, Financiero. (2022, March 1). Migración brindará refugio a ucranianos que lleguen a México por conflicto con Rusia. El Financiero. https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/nacional/2022/03/01/cuantas-personas-de-ucraniay-rusia-estan-en-mexico-y-como-se-les-apoyara-migracion-responde/?outputType=amp [in Spanish]. [El Financiero. Migración brindará refugio a ucranianos que lleguen a México por conflicto con Rusia. El Financiero. 2022, March 1. URL: https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/nacional/2022/03/01/cuantas-personasde-ucrania-y-rusia-estan-en-mexico-y-como-se-les-apoyara-migracion-responde/?outputType=amp. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
European Commission. (2024a). EU assistance to Ukraine. European Commission. https://eu-solidarityukraine.ec.europa.eu/eu-assistance-ukraine_en [in English]. [European Commission. EU assistance to Ukraine. European Commission. 2024a URL: https://eu-solidarity-ukraine.ec.europa.eu/eu-assistanceukraine_en. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
European Commission. (2024b). Ukraine’s path towards EU accession. European Commission. https://eu-solidarity-ukraine.ec.europa.eu/ukraines-path-towards-eu-accession_en [in English]. [European Commission. (2024b). Ukraine’s path towards EU accession. European Commission. https://eu-solidarityukraine.ec.europa.eu/ukraines-path-towards-eu-accession_en. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Garza P. (2022, April 6). México ante la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania: Posiciones e incoherencias. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. https://www.kas.de/es/web/mexiko/einzeltitel/-/content/mexico-ante-la-invasionde-rusia-a-ucrania-posiciones-e-incoherencias [in Spanish]. [Garza P. México ante la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania: Posiciones e incoherencias. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. 2022, April 6. URL: https://www.kas.de/es/web/mexiko/einzeltitel/-/content/mexico-ante-la-invasion-de-rusia-a-ucrania-posiciones-eincoherencias.(дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Glauber, J., & Laborde, D. (2022, November 9). How sanctions on Russia and Belarus are impacting exports of agricultural products and fertilizer. International Food Policy Research. https://www.ifpri.org/blog/howsanctions-russia-and-belarus-are-impacting-exports-agricultural-products-and-fertilizer/ [in English]. [Glauber J., Laborde, D. How sanctions on Russia and Belarus are impacting exports of agricultural products and fertilizer. International Food Policy Research. 2022, November 9. URL: https://www.ifpri.org/blog/how-sanctions-russia-and-belarus-are-impacting-exports-agricultural-products-and-fertilizer/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Graham, T. (2024, May 16). What does Putin really want in Ukraine? Council on Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/what-does-putin-really-want-ukraine [in English]. [Graham T. What does Putin really want in Ukraine? Council on Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations. 2024, May 16. URL: https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/what-does-putin-really-want-ukraine (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Hathaway, O.A. (2024, February 5). Taking Stock of ICJ Decisions in the ‘Ukraine v. Russia’ Cases–And implications for South Africa’s case against Israel. Just Security. https://www.justsecurity.org/91781/taking-stock-of-icj-decisions-in-ukraine-v-russia-cases-and-implications-for-south-africas-case-againstisrael/[in English]. [Hathaway O. A. Taking Stock of ICJ Decisions in the ‘Ukraine v. Russia’ Cases–And implications for South Africa’s case against Israel. Just Security. 2024, February 5. URL: https://www.justsecurity.org/91781/taking-stock-of-icj-decisions-in-ukraine-v-russia-cases-and-implications-forsouth-africas-case-against-israel/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Human Rights Watch. (2024). News on Ukraine. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/news?keyword=&tags%5B%5D=9883&news-type%5B%5D=9438 [in English]. [Human Rights Watch. News on Ukraine. Human Rights Watch. 2024. URL: https://www.hrw.org/news?keyword=&tags%5B%5D=9883&newstype%5B%5D=9438. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
International Court of Justice. (2022, March 16). Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Provisional Measures, Order of 16 March 2022. International Court of Justice. https://www.icj-cij.org/node/106135 [in English]. [International Court of Justice. Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Provisional Measures, Order of 16 March 2022. International Court of Justice. 2022, March 16. URL: https://www.icj-cij.org/node/106135. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
International Criminal Court. (2023, March 17). Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova. International Criminal Court. https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/situation-ukraine-icc-judges-issue-arrest-warrants-against-vladimirvladimirovich-putin-and [in English]. [International Criminal Court. (2023, March 17). Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova. International Criminal Court. URL: https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/situation-ukraine-iccjudges-issue-arrest-warrants-against-vladimir-vladimirovich-putin-and. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Isilow, H. (2023, August 24). BRICS countries support mediation proposals to end Russia-Ukraine conflict. Anadolu Ajansı. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/politics/brics-countries-support-mediation-proposals-to-end-russiaukraine-conflict/2975348# [in English]. [Isilow H. BRICS countries support mediation proposals to end Russia-Ukraine conflict. Anadolu Ajansı. 2023, August 24. URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/politics/brics-countriessupport-mediation-proposals-to-end-russia-ukraine-conflict/2975348#. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Lidón, L. (2022, April 30). Juan Ramón de la Fuente: The UN could have prevented the war in Ukraine, we owe the world an explanation. Infobae. https://www.infobae.com/america/mexico/2022/04/30/juan-ramonde-la-fuente-la-onu-pudo-prevenir-la-guerra-en-ucrania-le-quedamos-a-deber-al-mundo/ [in Spanish]. [Lidón L. Juan Ramón de la Fuente: The UN could have prevented the war in Ukraine, we owe the world an explanation. Infobae. 2022, April 30. URL:https://www.infobae.com/america/mexico/2022/04/30/juanramon-de-la-fuente-la-onu-pudo-prevenir-la-guerra-en-ucrania-le-quedamos-a-deber-al-mundo/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Mejía, E. (2023, February 15). Canciller de Ucrania asegura que países neutrales han optado por el lado equivocado. La Prensa Gráfica. https://www.laprensagrafica.com/internacional/Canciller-de-Ucrania-asegura-que-paisesneutrales-han-optado-por-el-lado-equivocado-20230215-0037.html [in Spanish]. [Mejía E. Canciller de Ucrania asegura que países neutrales han optado por el lado equivocado. La Prensa Gráfica. 2023, February 15. URL: https://www.laprensagrafica.com/internacional/Canciller-de-Ucrania-asegura-que-paises-neutraleshan-optado-por-el-lado-equivocado-20230215-0037.html. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Navarro, C. (2024, June 05). Claudia Sheinbaum plantea trabajar por la paz de Ucrania. El Heraldo. https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/elecciones/2024/6/5/claudia-sheinbaum-plantea-trabajar-por-la-pazde-ucrania-609767.html [in Spanish]. [Navarro C. Claudia Sheinbaum plantea trabajar por la paz de Ucrania. El Heraldo. 2024, June 05. URL: https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/elecciones/2024/6/5/claudiasheinbaum-plantea-trabajar-por-la-paz-de-ucrania-609767.html. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Patrick, S. (2023). Cutting the Gordian Knot: Global Perspectives on UN Security Council Reform. In S. Patrick (Ed.), UN Security Council Reform: What the World Thinks (pp. 1–9). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace [in English]. [Patrick S. Cutting the Gordian Knot: Global Perspectives on UN Security Council Reform / UN Security Council Reform: What the World Thinks. Eds. by S. Patrick. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 2023. P. 1–9. URL: https://carnegie-production-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/static/files/Patrick_et_al_UNSC_Reform_v2_1.pdf. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Reuters. (2022, June 18). Putin says Russia has 'nothing against' Ukraine joining EU. Reuters. https://www.euronews.com/2022/06/18/uk-ukraine-crisis-eu-russia [in English]. [Reuters. Putin says Russia has 'nothing against' Ukraine joining EU. Reuters. 2022, June 18. URL:https://www.euronews.com/2022/06/18/uk-ukraine-crisis-eu-russia. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Sánchez Jiménez, A. (2024, February 01). Vasconcelos relanzará en la ONU plan de AMLO contra la pobreza global. La Jornada. https://www.jornada.com.mx/2024/02/01/politica/012n1pol [in Spanish]. [Sánchez Jiménez A. Vasconcelos relanzará en la ONU plan de AMLO contra la pobreza global. La Jornada. 2024, February 01. URL: https://www.jornada.com.mx/2024/02/01/politica/012n1pol (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
S&P Global Market Intelligence. (2024). Sanctions against Russia – A timeline. S&P Global Market Intelligence https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/sanctions-against-russia-8211-a-timeline-69602559 [in English]. [S&P Global Market Intelligence. Sanctions against Russia – A timeline. S&P Global Market Intelligence. 2024. URL: https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/sanctions-against-russia-8211-a-timeline-69602559. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. (2024, June 16). Mexico participates in Swiss Summit on peace in Ukraine [Press release]. https://www.gob.mx/sre/prensa/mexico-participates-in-swiss-summit-on-peacein-ukraine?idiom=en [in Spanish]. [Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. Mexico participates in Swiss Summit on peace in Ukraine. Press release. 2024, June 16. URL: https://www.gob.mx/sre/prensa/mexicoparticipates-in-swiss-summit-on-peace-in-ukraine?idiom=en. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Shelest, H. (2023, October 10). Lessons from Russia’s first assault on Ukraine: 20 years since Tuzla. Center for European Policy Analysis. https://cepa.org/article/lessons-from-russias-first-assault-on-ukraine-20-years-since-tuzla/ [in English]. [Shelest H. Lessons from Russia’s first assault on Ukraine: 20 years since Tuzla. Center for European Policy Analysis. 2023, October 10. URL:https://cepa.org/article/lessons-fromrussias-first-assault-on-ukraine-20-years-since-tuzla/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Sushko, O. (2008). The Impact of Russia on Governance Structures in Ukraine. German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS). https://www.idos-research.de/fileadmin/migratedNewsAssets/Files/DP_24.2008.pdf [in English]. [Sushko O. The Impact of Russia on Governance Structures in Ukraine. German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS). 2008. URL:https://www.idos-research.de/fileadmin/migratedNewsAssets/Files/DP_24.2008.pdf (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Trevelyan, M., & Liffey, K. (2023, July 29). African leaders tell Putin: 'We have a right to call for peace'. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/putin-tells-african-leaders-moscow-is-studying-their-ukraineproposal-2023-07-28/ [in English]. [Trevelyan M., Liffey K. African leaders tell Putin: 'We have a right to call for peace'. Reuters. 2023, July 29. URL: https://www.reuters.com/world/putin-tells-african-leadersmoscow-is-studying-their-ukraine-proposal-2023-07-28/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
United World International. (2022, March 27). Mexican parliament establishes “Group of Friendship with Russia”. United World International. https://unitedworldint.com/24209-mexican-parliament-establishesgroup-of-friendship-with-russia/ [in English]. [United World International. Mexican parliament establishes “Group of Friendship with Russia”. United World International. 2022, March 27. URL: https://unitedworldint.com/24209-mexican-parliament-establishes-group-of-friendship-with-russia/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Vasconcelos, H. [Héctor]. (2024, July 21). Como parte de la discusión en la Asamblea General sobre la protección de instalaciones nucleares en Ucrania, expliqué la abstención de México en torno a la resolución propuesta. [Facebook status update]. https://www.facebook.com/share/v/xQHAi1FAM6CMGtDe/?mibextid=WC7FNe [in Spanish]. [Vasconcelos H. [Héctor]. Como parte de la discusión en la Asamblea General sobre la protección de instalaciones nucleares en Ucrania, expliqué la abstención de México en torno a la resolución propuesta. Facebook status update. 2024, July 21. URL: https://www.facebook.com/share/v/xQHAi1FAM6CMGtDe/?mibextid=WC7FNe. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Wolf, C. & Davis E. (2024, February 23). Countries That Have Committed the Most Aid to Ukraine. U.S. News. [in English]. https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/these-countries-havecommitted-the-most-aid-to-ukraine. [Wolf C., Davis E. Countries That Have Committed the Most Aid to Ukraine. U.S. News. 2024, February 23. URL: https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/these-countries-have-committed-the-most-aid-to-ukraine. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Arciniegas, Y. (2023, July 18). UE-CELAC: aprueban declaración contra la guerra rusa en Ucrania, sin apoyo de Nicaragua. France24. https://www.france24.com/es/europa/20230718-ue-celac-apruebandeclaraci%C3%B3n-contra-la-guerra-rusa-en-ucrania-sin-apoyo-de-nicaragua [in Spanish]. [Arciniegas Y. UE-CELAC: aprueban declaración contra la guerra rusa en Ucrania, sin apoyo de Nicaragua. France24. 2023, July 18. URL:https://www.france24.com/es/europa/20230718-ue-celac-apruebandeclaraci%C3%B3n-contra-la-guerra-rusa-en-ucrania-sin-apoyo-de-nicaragua. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Associated Press. (2024, June 21). Mexico’s incoming president announces first Cabinet picks: academics and former public servants. The Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/mexico-claudia-sheinbaumpresident-cabinet-992eb4a88c1225381f69bab94db4c033 [in English]. [Associated Press. Mexico’s incoming president announces first Cabinet picks: academics and former public servants. The Associated Press. 2024, June 21. URL: https://apnews.com/article/mexico-claudia-sheinbaum-president-cabinet-992eb4a88c1225381f69bab94db4c033. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Burni, A. (2023, July 19). Latin America’s pragmatic ambiguity in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Foundation for European Progressive Studies. https://feps-europe.eu/latin-americas-pragmaticambiguity-in-response-to-russias-invasion-of-ukraine/ [in English]. [Burni A. Latin America’s pragmatic ambiguity in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Foundation for European Progressive Studies. 2023, July 19. URL: https://feps-europe.eu/latin-americas-pragmatic-ambiguity-in-response-to-russiasinvasion-of-ukraine/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Calderón, V. (2024, August 6). Invitan a Putin a la toma de posesión de Claudia Sheinbaum en México, según agencia estatal rusa. CNN Español. https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2024/08/06/invitan-putin-tomaposesion-claudia-sheinbaum-mexico-agencia-estatal-rusa-orix/ [in Spanish]. [Calderón V. Invitan a Putin a la toma de posesión de Claudia Sheinbaum en México, según agencia estatal rusa. CNN Español. 2024, August 6. URL: https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2024/08/06/invitan-putin-toma-posesion-claudia-sheinbaummexico-agencia-estatal-rusa-orix/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Center for Civilians in Conflict. (2024). Two years on: 5 facts about the Ukraine-Russia war. https://civiliansinconflict.org/blog/two-years-on-5-facts-about-the-ukraine-russia-war/ [in English]. [Center for Civilians in Conflict. Two years on: 5 facts about the Ukraine-Russia war. 2024. URL: https://civiliansinconflict.org/blog/two-years-on-5-facts-about-the-ukraine-russia-war/.(дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Council of the European Union. (2024). EU sanctions against Russia. Council of the European Union. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/sanctions-against-russia/ [in English]. [Council of the European Union. EU sanctions against Russia. Council of the European Union. 2024. URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/sanctions-against-russia/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
De Silva, S. (2023, June 7). ASEAN unity and the Russia-Ukraine crisis. Pacific Forum. https://pacforum.org/publications/pacnet-41-asean-unity-and-the-russia-ukraine-crisis/ [in English]. [De Silva S. ASEAN unity and the Russia-Ukraine crisis. Pacific Forum. 2023, June 7. URL: https://pacforum.org/publications/pacnet-41-asean-unity-and-the-russia-ukraine-crisis/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
EFE. (2024, June 03). Zelenski espera fortalecer las relaciones con México tras la victoria de Sheinbaum. SWI swissinfo.ch. https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/zelenski-espera-fortalecer-las-relaciones-con-m%C3%A9xicotras-la-victoria-de-sheinbaum/79562725 [in Spanish]. [EFE. Zelenski espera fortalecer las relaciones con México tras la victoria de Sheinbaum. SWI swissinfo.ch. 2024, June 03. URL: https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/zelenski-espera-fortalecer-las-relaciones-con-m%C3%A9xico-tras-la-victoria-de-sheinbaum/79562725. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
El, Financiero. (2022, March 1). Migración brindará refugio a ucranianos que lleguen a México por conflicto con Rusia. El Financiero. https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/nacional/2022/03/01/cuantas-personas-de-ucraniay-rusia-estan-en-mexico-y-como-se-les-apoyara-migracion-responde/?outputType=amp [in Spanish]. [El Financiero. Migración brindará refugio a ucranianos que lleguen a México por conflicto con Rusia. El Financiero. 2022, March 1. URL: https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/nacional/2022/03/01/cuantas-personasde-ucrania-y-rusia-estan-en-mexico-y-como-se-les-apoyara-migracion-responde/?outputType=amp. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
European Commission. (2024a). EU assistance to Ukraine. European Commission. https://eu-solidarityukraine.ec.europa.eu/eu-assistance-ukraine_en [in English]. [European Commission. EU assistance to Ukraine. European Commission. 2024a URL: https://eu-solidarity-ukraine.ec.europa.eu/eu-assistanceukraine_en. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
European Commission. (2024b). Ukraine’s path towards EU accession. European Commission. https://eu-solidarity-ukraine.ec.europa.eu/ukraines-path-towards-eu-accession_en [in English]. [European Commission. (2024b). Ukraine’s path towards EU accession. European Commission. https://eu-solidarityukraine.ec.europa.eu/ukraines-path-towards-eu-accession_en. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Garza P. (2022, April 6). México ante la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania: Posiciones e incoherencias. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. https://www.kas.de/es/web/mexiko/einzeltitel/-/content/mexico-ante-la-invasionde-rusia-a-ucrania-posiciones-e-incoherencias [in Spanish]. [Garza P. México ante la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania: Posiciones e incoherencias. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. 2022, April 6. URL: https://www.kas.de/es/web/mexiko/einzeltitel/-/content/mexico-ante-la-invasion-de-rusia-a-ucrania-posiciones-eincoherencias.(дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Glauber, J., & Laborde, D. (2022, November 9). How sanctions on Russia and Belarus are impacting exports of agricultural products and fertilizer. International Food Policy Research. https://www.ifpri.org/blog/howsanctions-russia-and-belarus-are-impacting-exports-agricultural-products-and-fertilizer/ [in English]. [Glauber J., Laborde, D. How sanctions on Russia and Belarus are impacting exports of agricultural products and fertilizer. International Food Policy Research. 2022, November 9. URL: https://www.ifpri.org/blog/how-sanctions-russia-and-belarus-are-impacting-exports-agricultural-products-and-fertilizer/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Graham, T. (2024, May 16). What does Putin really want in Ukraine? Council on Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/what-does-putin-really-want-ukraine [in English]. [Graham T. What does Putin really want in Ukraine? Council on Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations. 2024, May 16. URL: https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/what-does-putin-really-want-ukraine (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Hathaway, O.A. (2024, February 5). Taking Stock of ICJ Decisions in the ‘Ukraine v. Russia’ Cases–And implications for South Africa’s case against Israel. Just Security. https://www.justsecurity.org/91781/taking-stock-of-icj-decisions-in-ukraine-v-russia-cases-and-implications-for-south-africas-case-againstisrael/[in English]. [Hathaway O. A. Taking Stock of ICJ Decisions in the ‘Ukraine v. Russia’ Cases–And implications for South Africa’s case against Israel. Just Security. 2024, February 5. URL: https://www.justsecurity.org/91781/taking-stock-of-icj-decisions-in-ukraine-v-russia-cases-and-implications-forsouth-africas-case-against-israel/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Human Rights Watch. (2024). News on Ukraine. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/news?keyword=&tags%5B%5D=9883&news-type%5B%5D=9438 [in English]. [Human Rights Watch. News on Ukraine. Human Rights Watch. 2024. URL: https://www.hrw.org/news?keyword=&tags%5B%5D=9883&newstype%5B%5D=9438. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
International Court of Justice. (2022, March 16). Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Provisional Measures, Order of 16 March 2022. International Court of Justice. https://www.icj-cij.org/node/106135 [in English]. [International Court of Justice. Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation), Provisional Measures, Order of 16 March 2022. International Court of Justice. 2022, March 16. URL: https://www.icj-cij.org/node/106135. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
International Criminal Court. (2023, March 17). Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova. International Criminal Court. https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/situation-ukraine-icc-judges-issue-arrest-warrants-against-vladimirvladimirovich-putin-and [in English]. [International Criminal Court. (2023, March 17). Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova. International Criminal Court. URL: https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/situation-ukraine-iccjudges-issue-arrest-warrants-against-vladimir-vladimirovich-putin-and. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Isilow, H. (2023, August 24). BRICS countries support mediation proposals to end Russia-Ukraine conflict. Anadolu Ajansı. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/politics/brics-countries-support-mediation-proposals-to-end-russiaukraine-conflict/2975348# [in English]. [Isilow H. BRICS countries support mediation proposals to end Russia-Ukraine conflict. Anadolu Ajansı. 2023, August 24. URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/politics/brics-countriessupport-mediation-proposals-to-end-russia-ukraine-conflict/2975348#. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Lidón, L. (2022, April 30). Juan Ramón de la Fuente: The UN could have prevented the war in Ukraine, we owe the world an explanation. Infobae. https://www.infobae.com/america/mexico/2022/04/30/juan-ramonde-la-fuente-la-onu-pudo-prevenir-la-guerra-en-ucrania-le-quedamos-a-deber-al-mundo/ [in Spanish]. [Lidón L. Juan Ramón de la Fuente: The UN could have prevented the war in Ukraine, we owe the world an explanation. Infobae. 2022, April 30. URL:https://www.infobae.com/america/mexico/2022/04/30/juanramon-de-la-fuente-la-onu-pudo-prevenir-la-guerra-en-ucrania-le-quedamos-a-deber-al-mundo/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Mejía, E. (2023, February 15). Canciller de Ucrania asegura que países neutrales han optado por el lado equivocado. La Prensa Gráfica. https://www.laprensagrafica.com/internacional/Canciller-de-Ucrania-asegura-que-paisesneutrales-han-optado-por-el-lado-equivocado-20230215-0037.html [in Spanish]. [Mejía E. Canciller de Ucrania asegura que países neutrales han optado por el lado equivocado. La Prensa Gráfica. 2023, February 15. URL: https://www.laprensagrafica.com/internacional/Canciller-de-Ucrania-asegura-que-paises-neutraleshan-optado-por-el-lado-equivocado-20230215-0037.html. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Navarro, C. (2024, June 05). Claudia Sheinbaum plantea trabajar por la paz de Ucrania. El Heraldo. https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/elecciones/2024/6/5/claudia-sheinbaum-plantea-trabajar-por-la-pazde-ucrania-609767.html [in Spanish]. [Navarro C. Claudia Sheinbaum plantea trabajar por la paz de Ucrania. El Heraldo. 2024, June 05. URL: https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/elecciones/2024/6/5/claudiasheinbaum-plantea-trabajar-por-la-paz-de-ucrania-609767.html. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Patrick, S. (2023). Cutting the Gordian Knot: Global Perspectives on UN Security Council Reform. In S. Patrick (Ed.), UN Security Council Reform: What the World Thinks (pp. 1–9). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace [in English]. [Patrick S. Cutting the Gordian Knot: Global Perspectives on UN Security Council Reform / UN Security Council Reform: What the World Thinks. Eds. by S. Patrick. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 2023. P. 1–9. URL: https://carnegie-production-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/static/files/Patrick_et_al_UNSC_Reform_v2_1.pdf. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Reuters. (2022, June 18). Putin says Russia has 'nothing against' Ukraine joining EU. Reuters. https://www.euronews.com/2022/06/18/uk-ukraine-crisis-eu-russia [in English]. [Reuters. Putin says Russia has 'nothing against' Ukraine joining EU. Reuters. 2022, June 18. URL:https://www.euronews.com/2022/06/18/uk-ukraine-crisis-eu-russia. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Sánchez Jiménez, A. (2024, February 01). Vasconcelos relanzará en la ONU plan de AMLO contra la pobreza global. La Jornada. https://www.jornada.com.mx/2024/02/01/politica/012n1pol [in Spanish]. [Sánchez Jiménez A. Vasconcelos relanzará en la ONU plan de AMLO contra la pobreza global. La Jornada. 2024, February 01. URL: https://www.jornada.com.mx/2024/02/01/politica/012n1pol (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
S&P Global Market Intelligence. (2024). Sanctions against Russia – A timeline. S&P Global Market Intelligence https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/sanctions-against-russia-8211-a-timeline-69602559 [in English]. [S&P Global Market Intelligence. Sanctions against Russia – A timeline. S&P Global Market Intelligence. 2024. URL: https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/sanctions-against-russia-8211-a-timeline-69602559. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. (2024, June 16). Mexico participates in Swiss Summit on peace in Ukraine [Press release]. https://www.gob.mx/sre/prensa/mexico-participates-in-swiss-summit-on-peacein-ukraine?idiom=en [in Spanish]. [Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. Mexico participates in Swiss Summit on peace in Ukraine. Press release. 2024, June 16. URL: https://www.gob.mx/sre/prensa/mexicoparticipates-in-swiss-summit-on-peace-in-ukraine?idiom=en. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Shelest, H. (2023, October 10). Lessons from Russia’s first assault on Ukraine: 20 years since Tuzla. Center for European Policy Analysis. https://cepa.org/article/lessons-from-russias-first-assault-on-ukraine-20-years-since-tuzla/ [in English]. [Shelest H. Lessons from Russia’s first assault on Ukraine: 20 years since Tuzla. Center for European Policy Analysis. 2023, October 10. URL:https://cepa.org/article/lessons-fromrussias-first-assault-on-ukraine-20-years-since-tuzla/. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Sushko, O. (2008). The Impact of Russia on Governance Structures in Ukraine. German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS). https://www.idos-research.de/fileadmin/migratedNewsAssets/Files/DP_24.2008.pdf [in English]. [Sushko O. The Impact of Russia on Governance Structures in Ukraine. German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS). 2008. URL:https://www.idos-research.de/fileadmin/migratedNewsAssets/Files/DP_24.2008.pdf (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Trevelyan, M., & Liffey, K. (2023, July 29). African leaders tell Putin: 'We have a right to call for peace'. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/putin-tells-african-leaders-moscow-is-studying-their-ukraineproposal-2023-07-28/ [in English]. [Trevelyan M., Liffey K. African leaders tell Putin: 'We have a right to call for peace'. Reuters. 2023, July 29. URL: https://www.reuters.com/world/putin-tells-african-leadersmoscow-is-studying-their-ukraine-proposal-2023-07-28/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
United World International. (2022, March 27). Mexican parliament establishes “Group of Friendship with Russia”. United World International. https://unitedworldint.com/24209-mexican-parliament-establishesgroup-of-friendship-with-russia/ [in English]. [United World International. Mexican parliament establishes “Group of Friendship with Russia”. United World International. 2022, March 27. URL: https://unitedworldint.com/24209-mexican-parliament-establishes-group-of-friendship-with-russia/ (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Vasconcelos, H. [Héctor]. (2024, July 21). Como parte de la discusión en la Asamblea General sobre la protección de instalaciones nucleares en Ucrania, expliqué la abstención de México en torno a la resolución propuesta. [Facebook status update]. https://www.facebook.com/share/v/xQHAi1FAM6CMGtDe/?mibextid=WC7FNe [in Spanish]. [Vasconcelos H. [Héctor]. Como parte de la discusión en la Asamblea General sobre la protección de instalaciones nucleares en Ucrania, expliqué la abstención de México en torno a la resolución propuesta. Facebook status update. 2024, July 21. URL: https://www.facebook.com/share/v/xQHAi1FAM6CMGtDe/?mibextid=WC7FNe. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Wolf, C. & Davis E. (2024, February 23). Countries That Have Committed the Most Aid to Ukraine. U.S. News. [in English]. https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/these-countries-havecommitted-the-most-aid-to-ukraine. [Wolf C., Davis E. Countries That Have Committed the Most Aid to Ukraine. U.S. News. 2024, February 23. URL: https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/these-countries-have-committed-the-most-aid-to-ukraine. (дата звернення: 08.08.2024)].
Опубліковано
2024-12-04
Розділ
МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ВИМІР ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ
